High-Efficiency Interleaved Three-Level Buck Converter for Fast Charging System

Fast charging systems demand power converters that deliver high efficiency, minimal current ripple, rapid dynamic response, and a compact footprint. Traditional buck converters, however, struggle under high-power fast charging conditions, experiencing elevated current stress, increased ripple, and decreased efficiency. To address these issues, this paper introduces a highperformance interleaved three-level buck converter specifically tailored for fast charging applications. This design combines the advantages of both interleaving and three-level voltage operation. Interleaving allows for balanced current sharing across multiple phases, lowering thermal stress and enhancing reliability. Simultaneously, the three-level configuration decreases voltage stress on semiconductor components, reduces switching losses, and alleviates electromagnetic interference (EMI). Consequently, the proposed converter achieves lower input and output current ripple, superior efficiency, and improved voltage regulation. Its performance is assessed under fast charging scenarios, with evaluations focusing on efficiency, ripple suppression, voltage stability, and dynamic response. The findings indicate that the interleaved three-level buck converter is a highly effective solution for fast charging systems, such as electric vehicle chargers, battery energy storage systems, and DC fast charging infrastructure.